Ajaysing Patil Presents........
AR's Figure of Speeches : Figure OF Speeches wise : For SSC State Board
1. Alliteration
Explanation: Repetition of consonant sounds at the beginning of words.
Examples:
"Head is held high" (Where the Mind is Without Fear) – The 'h' sound repeats, emphasizing dignity.
"Shrunk shank" (All the World's a Stage) – The 'sh' sound reinforces the frailty of old age.
"Parting with his poison" (Night of the Scorpion) – The 'p' sound mimics the act of the scorpion releasing its venom.
2. Personification
Explanation: Attributing human qualities to inanimate objects or abstract ideas.
Examples:
"Tireless striving stretches its arms" (Where the Mind is Without Fear) – Striving is depicted as a person reaching for perfection.
"Sighing like furnace" (All the World's a Stage) – The lover’s sigh is given the power of a furnace.
"The poison moved in Mother’s blood" (Night of the Scorpion) – Poison is described as actively moving, like a living entity.
3. Metaphor
Explanation: A comparison between two unlike things without using "like" or "as."
Examples:
"Clear stream of reason" (Where the Mind is Without Fear) – Reason is compared to a clear stream, symbolizing clarity of thought.
"All the world’s a stage" (All the World's a Stage) – Life is metaphorically compared to a stage where everyone plays a role.
"Diabolic tail" (Night of the Scorpion) – The scorpion’s tail is compared to something evil, without using 'like' or 'as.'
4. Repetition
Explanation: Repeating a word or phrase for emphasis.
Examples:
"Where" repeated throughout (Where the Mind is Without Fear) – Emphasizes each new ideal envisioned for the country.
"If you want a thing bad enough" (It Couldn’t Be Done) – Repeated "If" emphasizes the effort required to achieve goals.
"He read...he read" (How It Happened) – Repetition builds the humor and escalation in the servant’s reaction.
5. Simile
Explanation: A comparison using "like" or "as."
Examples:
"Creeping like snail" (All the World's a Stage) – The schoolboy’s reluctant pace is compared to a snail.
"Peasants came like swarms of flies" (Night of the Scorpion) – The comparison emphasizes the overwhelming number of peasants.
"Laughed as I would die" (How It Happened) – The speaker compares his intense laughter to death, highlighting its extremity.
6. Hyperbole
Explanation: Exaggeration for emphasis.
Examples:
"Sighing like furnace" (All the World's a Stage) – Exaggerates the lover’s sigh to convey intensity.
"A hundred times" (Night of the Scorpion) – The peasants are said to chant God's name many times, exaggerating their devotion.
"Give up your time and your peace and your sleep for it" (It Couldn’t Be Done) – Exaggerates the extent of sacrifice needed to achieve success.
7. Symbolism
Explanation: The use of symbols to represent ideas or qualities.
Examples:
"Heaven of freedom" (Where the Mind is Without Fear) – Symbolizes ultimate peace and liberty.
"Bubble reputation" (All the World's a Stage) – Symbolizes something fragile and temporary, like fame.
"Candles and lanterns" (Night of the Scorpion) – Symbols of hope and search for a solution.
8. Irony
Explanation: A situation or statement where the opposite of what is expected occurs.
Examples:
"Thank God the scorpion picked on me" (Night of the Scorpion) – The mother ironically thanks God for her suffering, showing selflessness.
"How kind it was of him" (How It Happened) – The speaker sarcastically comments on the servant’s "kindness," highlighting the difference in their physical stature.
9. Imagery
Explanation: Descriptive language that appeals to the senses.
Examples:
"Mewling and puking in the nurse’s arms" (All the World's a Stage) – Vividly describes the helplessness of infancy.
"Full of sweet dreams, and health, and quiet breathing" (A Thing of Beauty) – Creates an image of peace and contentment through sensory descriptions.
10. Apostrophe
Explanation: Addressing a non-living entity or an absent figure as if they were present.
Examples:
"My Father" (Where the Mind is Without Fear) – The speaker addresses God or a divine presence, invoking guidance for his country.
These figures of speech from various poems work together to enrich the meaning and enhance the emotional depth of each piece.
AR’s Figure of Speeches : Poem wise
Here are the figures of speech from the
Poem "Where the mind is without fear" by Rabindranath Tagore:
1. Figure of Speech: Alliteration
Explanation: Repetition of consonant sounds at the beginning of words.
Example: "head is held high" (repetition of the 'h' sound), "dreary desert" (repetition of the 'd' sound).
2. Figure of Speech: Personification
Explanation: Giving human qualities to abstract ideas or non-human objects.
Example: "tireless striving stretches its arms towards perfection" (Striving is personified as a human stretching its arms), "clear stream of reason" (Reason is personified as a stream that can flow).
3. Figure of Speech: Metaphor
Explanation: A comparison between two unlike things without using "like" or "as".
Example: "clear stream of reason" (comparing reason to a clear stream), "dreary desert sand of dead habit" (comparing habit to a dreary desert).
4. Figure of Speech: Repetition
Explanation: Repeating a word or phrase for emphasis.
Example: The word "where" is repeated at the beginning of several lines to emphasise the different ideals the speaker envisions for the country.
5. Figure of Speech: Symbolism
Explanation: The use of symbols to represent ideas or qualities.
Example: "heaven of freedom" (freedom is symbolised as a heaven, a place of ultimate peace and fulfilment), "narrow domestic walls" (symbolising divisions caused by prejudice, nationalism, or social barriers).
6. Figure of Speech: Apostrophe
Explanation: Addressing a non-living entity or an absent figure as if they were present.
Example: "my Father" (The speaker is addressing God or a divine presence to lead the country toward awakening).
This poem is rich with imagery and employs multiple figures of speech to convey a vision of freedom and enlightenment.
Poem "All the world's a stage" by William Shakespeare (from As You Like It):
1. Figure of Speech: Metaphor
Explanation: A comparison between two unlike things without using "like" or "as."
Example: "All the world’s a stage, And all the men and women merely players" (The world is compared to a stage, and people are compared to actors).
2. Figure of Speech: Simile
Explanation: A comparison between two unlike things using "like" or "as."
Example: "Creeping like a snail" (The schoolboy's reluctant walk is compared to a snail), "Sighing like a furnace" (The lover's intense sighs are compared to a furnace).
3. Figure of Speech: Hyperbole
Explanation: Exaggeration for emphasis or effect.
Example: "Seeking the bubble reputation" (Reputation is described as fleeting and insubstantial, like a bubble).
4. Figure of Speech: Alliteration
Explanation: Repetition of consonant sounds at the beginning of words.
Example: "Shrunk shank" (repetition of the 'sh' sound), "second childishness" (repetition of the 's' sound).
5. Figure of Speech: Repetition
Explanation: The repetition of a word or phrase for emphasis.
Example: "Sans teeth, sans eyes, sans taste, sans everything" (The repetition of "sans" emphasises the complete loss of faculties in old age).
6. Figure of Speech: Symbolism
Explanation: The use of symbols to represent ideas or qualities.
Example: "Bubble reputation" symbolises something that is fragile and short-lived, while "second childishness" symbolises the return to a helpless state in old age.
7. Figure of Speech: Imagery
Explanation: Descriptive language that appeals to the senses.
Example: "Mewling and puking in the nurse’s arms" (creates a vivid image of an infant), "With spectacles on nose and pouch on side" (a vivid image of old age).
8. Figure of Speech: Personification
Explanation: Giving human qualities to abstract concepts or inanimate objects.
Example: "Sighing like furnace" (The lover's sighs are given the intense quality of a furnace).
This poem uses various figures of speech to highlight the different stages of a man's life, portraying life itself as a performance on a stage.
Poem “Animals” by Walt Whitman:
1. Figure of Speech: Anaphora
Explanation: Repetition of a word or phrase at the beginning of successive clauses or lines.
Example: "They do not..." is repeated in consecutive lines to emphasize the qualities of animals.
2. Figure of Speech: Repetition
Explanation: The deliberate use of repeating words for emphasis or effect.
Example: "Not one..." is repeated to stress that no animal exhibits the negative traits humans do.
3. Figure of Speech: Hyperbole
Explanation: Exaggeration for emphasis or effect.
Example: "Not one is dissatisfied, not one is demented with the mania of owning things" (an exaggeration of the purity of animals compared to humans).
4. Figure of Speech: Metaphor
Explanation: A comparison between two unlike things without using "like" or "as."
Example: "They bring me tokens of myself" (tokens represent qualities of simplicity and contentment that the speaker sees in animals and reflects on in himself).
5. Figure of Speech: Alliteration
Explanation: The repetition of consonant sounds at the beginning of words.
Example: "Sweat and whine," "placid and self-contain'd" (repetition of the 's' sound).
6. Figure of Speech: Rhetorical Question
Explanation: A question posed for effect, not requiring an answer.
Example: "Did I pass that way huge times ago and negligently drop them?" (This question reflects the speaker's contemplation of whether he once possessed the simplicity that animals display).
7. Figure of Speech: Personification
Explanation: Attributing human characteristics to non-human entities.
Example: "They bring me tokens of myself" (Animals are depicted as offering the speaker something human, which they do not literally do).
8. Figure of Speech: Contrast
Explanation: Highlighting differences between two things.
Example: The poem contrasts the peaceful, content nature of animals with the troubled, dissatisfied nature of humans ("They do not lie awake in the dark and weep for their sins").
This poem reflects Whitman’s admiration for the simplicity and honesty of animals, using various figures of speech to highlight the differences between animals and humans.
Poem “Night of the Scorpion” By: Nissim Ezekiel
1. Simile
Example: "The peasants came like swarms of flies"
Explanation: The comparison of the peasants to swarms of flies using "like" emphasizes their large number and noisy, frantic behavior, highlighting their concern for the mother.
2. Metaphor
Example: "The flash of diabolic tail in the dark room"
Explanation: The scorpion's tail is referred to as "diabolic," directly associating it with evil without using "like" or "as," showing the dangerous and malevolent nature of the scorpion.
3. Alliteration
Example: "Parting with his poison"
Explanation: The repetition of the 'p' sound in "parting" and "poison" emphasizes the act of the scorpion releasing its venom, creating a rhythm and highlighting the moment.
4. Personification
Example: "With every movement that the scorpion made his poison moved in Mother’s blood"
Explanation: The poison is given human-like qualities by suggesting it "moved" deliberately, as if it were alive and actively spreading through the mother’s body.
5. Hyperbole
Example: "The peasants came like swarms of flies and buzzed the name of God a hundred times"
Explanation: The phrase exaggerates the number of times the peasants chanted God's name to show their deep faith and desperation in trying to counteract the scorpion’s sting.
6. Symbolism
Example: "Candles and lanterns"
Explanation: The candles and lanterns symbolize hope and the search for a solution, as they illuminate the scene both literally and figuratively in the villagers' efforts to find the scorpion.
7. Repetition
Example: "May... they said" (repeated multiple times)
Explanation: The repetition of "May" reflects the prayers and hopes of the villagers, creating a rhythmic plea for the mother's suffering to be alleviated.
8. Irony
Example: "Thank God the scorpion picked on me and spared my children"
Explanation: The mother’s gratitude is ironic because, despite the immense pain she suffered, she is thankful that the scorpion did not sting her children, showing her selflessness.
These figures of speech enhance the emotional impact of the poem and the intensity of the situation described.
Poem : “The Will to Win” By: Berton Braley
1. Repetition
Example: "If you want a thing bad enough"
Explanation: The repeated use of "If" at the beginning of multiple lines emphasizes the conditions required to achieve a goal. It also adds rhythm to the poem, driving the message forward with urgency.
2. Alliteration
Example: "strength and sagacity"
Explanation: The repetition of the 's' sound creates a smooth and rhythmic flow, reinforcing the qualities needed (strength and wisdom) to achieve the desired goal.
3. Hyperbole
Example: "give up your time and your peace and your sleep for it"
Explanation: This exaggeration emphasizes the level of dedication and sacrifice needed to pursue a goal, suggesting one must be willing to give up everything, even sleep.
4. Parallelism
Example: "work day and night for it, give up your time and your peace and your sleep for it"
Explanation: The structure of the phrases is parallel, using a similar grammatical form to emphasize the continuous effort and sacrifice required for success.
5. Metaphor
Example: "If you gladly sweat for, fret for and plan for it"
Explanation: The use of "sweat" metaphorically represents hard work, while "fret" represents worrying. These actions symbolize the physical and mental efforts involved in pursuing a goal.
6. Assonance
Example: "dogged and grim you be size and beget it"
Explanation: The repetition of the 'i' sound in "grim" and "beget" gives the line a melodic quality, emphasizing the determined and tough attitude required to achieve a goal.
7. Personification
Example: "If neither cold poverty, famish or gout or sickness or pain of body and brain can keep you away"
Explanation: Poverty, sickness, and pain are given human-like qualities, as though they are entities actively trying to prevent you from achieving your goal. This emphasizes the obstacles one must overcome.
8. Antithesis
Example: "faith, hope and confidence and stern for tenacity"
Explanation: The contrast between the positive emotions (faith, hope, confidence) and the tough attitude (stern tenacity) highlights the balanced approach required for success—both optimism and determination are necessary.
9. Climax
Example: "with all of your capacity, strength and sagacity"
Explanation: This is an example of building ideas in ascending order of importance. The lines escalate from general capability to specific qualities like strength and wisdom, emphasizing the increasing levels of effort needed to succeed.
These figures of speech work together to create a powerful and motivating message, emphasizing the relentless effort, determination, and faith required to achieve a goal.
Poem "A Thing of Beauty" by John Keats
1. Metaphor
Example: "A thing of beauty is a joy forever"
Explanation: Beauty is compared to eternal joy without using "like" or "as," suggesting that beauty has a lasting, positive impact on life.
2. Alliteration
Example: "Some shape of beauty moves a way the pall"
Explanation: The repetition of the 's' sound in "Some shape" and "moves a way" creates a smooth and musical quality, enhancing the poem's rhythmic flow.
3. Imagery
Example: "Full of sweet dreams, and health, and quiet breathing"
Explanation: The description of "sweet dreams," "health," and "quiet breathing" creates vivid sensory imagery, appealing to the reader's sense of peace and tranquility.
4. Personification
Example: "Trees old, and young, sprouting a shady boon"
Explanation: The trees are personified by giving them human-like qualities of "sprouting" and offering shade, as if they are actively providing comfort to others.
5. Symbolism
Example: "A flowery band to bind us to the earth"
Explanation: The "flowery band" symbolizes the beauty and joys of life that connect us to the world, even in times of difficulty and despair.
6. Repetition
Example: "Of all the unhealthy and o’er-darkened ways"
Explanation: The repetition of "of" creates a list-like effect, emphasizing the many struggles and challenges people face in life, making the beauty of nature even more important.
7. Hyperbole
Example: "An endless fountain of immortal drink"
Explanation: The phrase exaggerates the abundance of beauty, comparing it to an "endless fountain" that provides everlasting nourishment for the soul.
8. Antithesis
Example: "Whether there be shine, or gloom o’ercast"
Explanation: The contrast between "shine" and "gloom" emphasizes that beauty brings joy regardless of whether life is bright and happy or dark and difficult.
9. Simile
Example: "Even as the trees that whisper round a temple become soon dear as the temple’s self"
Explanation: This simile compares the trees' whispers to the temple itself, suggesting that nature's beauty becomes just as sacred and valuable as the temple over time.
10. Enjambment
Example: "It will never / Pass into nothingness"
Explanation: The sentence flows from one line to the next without a pause, creating a sense of continuity and emphasizing the eternal nature of beauty.
These figures of speech collectively highlight the central idea of the poem—that beauty provides enduring joy and comfort, even in the face of life's hardships.
Poem: “The Height of the Ridiculous” By: Oliver Wendell Holmes
1. Hyperbole
Example: "He burst five buttons off, And tumbled in a fit."
Explanation: This is an exaggerated description of the servant's laughter, emphasizing how extremely humorous the writing is by suggesting it caused a physical reaction.
2. Irony
Example: "How kind it was of him to mind a slender man like me, He of the might limb."
Explanation: The speaker sarcastically comments on how "kind" the servant is to obey his orders, even though the servant is much stronger than him. The irony lies in the contrast between their physical stature and the speaker's humorous attitude.
3. Alliteration
Example: "So queer, so very queer"
Explanation: The repetition of the 's' and 'q' sounds creates a rhythm and highlights the oddness of the speaker’s writing, making it stand out.
4. Understatement
Example: "There’ll be the devil to pay."
Explanation: The speaker casually mentions that there will be serious consequences, but downplays it as a "trifling jest," which adds to the humorous tone of the poem.
5. Repetition
Example: "He read the next; the grin grew broad and shot from ear to ear"
Explanation: The repetition of "he read" and the continual description of the servant’s laughter builds up the humor gradually, showing how the situation escalates with each line.
6. Metaphor
Example: "With sleepless eye, I watched that wretched man"
Explanation: "Sleepless eye" is a metaphor for the speaker’s worry and constant vigilance as he watches the servant’s reaction, implying anxiety over the servant's exaggerated laughter.
7. Personification
Example: "His face was all upon the grin"
Explanation: The grin is described as though it has taken over the servant’s entire face, giving the grin human-like qualities and adding humor to the description.
8. Simile
Example: "I laughed as I would die"
Explanation: The speaker compares his laughter to dying, using "as" to highlight how intense and uncontrollable his laughter was, adding to the poem’s playful tone.
These figures of speech contribute to the overall humorous and exaggerated tone of the poem, making light of the speaker's experience of writing something overly funny.
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